Member Skill Build: Mastering the Ancient Art of Steam Bending

NextFab’s latest Member Skill Build brought an ancient woodworking technique into the makerspace: steam bending. Led by Laura Smarrito of True Love Carpentry, this workshop introduced members to a process that’s been used for centuries but remains highly relevant for modern makers.

What is Steam Bending?

Steam bending allows woodworkers to create elegant curves in solid wood that are stronger and smoother than pieces cut from solid stock or assembled from multiple parts. The technique is widely used in furniture making, especially chairs, but also extends to architectural elements, decorative objects, and sculptural work. During the workshop, members explored a wide range of possibilities: picture frames with rounded corners, mid-century modern shelving, arched mosaic forms, and more. Participants included artists with specific projects in mind and engineers interested in the wood science behind the process.

The Workshop Experience

The class balanced demonstration with hands-on learning. Rather than focusing on a single project, Laura guided participants
through multiple test bends using different forming methods – from full wraparound forms to clamshell-style setups, allowing
members to adapt the technique to their own needs.

“The whole process involves putting something in a steam bag or steamer and letting it sit for however long it needs,” Laura explained. “There’s a lot of waiting, and then suddenly there’s a ton of action. Everyone jumps in, putting clamps on.”

This rhythm of patience followed by collaborative action made the workshop especially engaging – one moment diving into wood science, the next racing to clamp freshly steamed material.

Tools and Setup

• Steam generator: A specialized unit (similar models available from Rockler and Lee Valley) that produces continuous steam.
• Steam box or steam bag: A sealed enclosure for heating the wood. Plyform panels are ideal due to their resin coating and resistance to heat and moisture. Alternatively, sterilization tubing from dental suppliers can be used as a flexible steam bag.
• Forms: MDF or plywood molds shaped to create the desired curves
• Clamps: To hold the wood in place as it cools and sets
• Thermometer: For monitoring steam temperature

Plastic sleeves can also be used as an alternative to rigid steam boxes, offering flexibility for larger or irregular pieces.

Before You Start: Essential Preparation

Choose the right wood species: Ash and oak perform exceptionally well. Walnut is workable but less ideal. Softwoods like pine are more challenging.

Use air-dried lumber: Fresh, air-dried wood bends far more successfully than kiln-dried stock. Kiln-dried wood may work for gentle bends if soaked beforehand, but air-dried wood is best.

Select straight-grained material: Minimal grain runout is essential for success.

Set realistic expectations: Even experienced woodworkers expect some breakage. A 50% success rate is common when learning.

“You have to mentally prepare yourself that you’re going to break some things,” Laura said. “That’s part of the process.”

Why Steam Bending Matters

Beyond its practical uses, steam bending connects modern makers to traditional craftsmanship. The resulting forms are both structurally strong and visually elegant—shaped by working with wood’s natural properties rather than against them.

Looking Ahead

The workshop was well received, with engaged participants and plenty of hands-on collaboration. Laura is open to teaching future workshops, including sessions focused on jig design. Member Skill Builds and classes like this highlight NextFab’s commitment to preserving traditional techniques while empowering members to push creative boundaries.

Interested in steam bending or other woodworking techniques? Check NextFab’s calendar for upcoming Member Skill Builds.

Written in partnership with FORMATION. Media